--:-- [Up First theme music plays]
--:-- Leila Fadel: A court says President Trump can keep control of the National Guard in Los Angeles for now. California's governor says he should control the Guard. What's next in this legal battle and what does it mean for other states?
--:-- Michelle Martin: I'm Leila Fadel, that's Michelle Martin, and this is Up First from NPR News.
--:-- Leila Fadel: President Trump says he'll decide whether or not to bomb Iran in the next two weeks, but that has some of his most vocal supporters asking, What happened to Trump's promise of no more wars?
--:-- Michelle Martin: You have to think this through at this level, and the American people have to be on board. How is the split playing out among his base?
--:-- Laura Fitzgerald: I'm Laura Fitzgerald, a reporter with CAP Radio in Sacramento. Good morning, Michelle.
--:-- Michelle Martin: Good morning, Laura. Okay, so why did the court side with Trump?
--:-- Laura Fitzgerald: Well, this ruling from the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals wasn't very surprising given that the panel of three judges seemed pretty skeptical of California's arguments during a hearing on Tuesday.
--:-- Laura Fitzgerald: But the 38-page decision gives us more insight. In it, they say the situation on the ground in Los Angeles likely warranted Trump calling in the National Guard to make sure federal immigration laws are enforced.
--:-- Michelle Martin: The judges pointed to examples of protesters throwing objects at federal agents and vandalizing federal buildings as evidence of this.
--:-- Laura Fitzgerald: The ruling was unanimous, and the panel was made up of two Trump appointees and one Biden appointee.
--:-- Michelle Martin: They also rejected Newsom's argument that Trump didn't properly call up the guard through the governor.
--:-- Laura Fitzgerald: The administration did that through the state's adjutant general, and the court said that's good enough because the general works on the governor's behalf.
--:-- Michelle Martin: Now, the judges did reject Trump's argument that the courts don't have authority to review a president's decision to mobilize the National Guard.
--:-- Laura Fitzgerald: And they emphasized that this decision was only about Trump's authority to deploy the National Guard, not what they can do once they deployed.
--:-- Michelle Martin: So just remind us of why Governor Newsom opposed Trump federalization of National Guard troops in the first place?
--:-- Laura Fitzgerald: Besides his argument that Trump move was illegal, he said sending the National Guard to quell protests in LA would only make tensions worse.
--:-- Michelle Martin: Newsom and other local leaders said the state had enough resources and local law enforcement to respond to the situation on the ground.
--:-- Laura Fitzgerald: Hundreds of people have been arrested for engaging in violence or vandalizing public property since the protests first broke out.
--:-- Michelle Martin: But over the last week or so, arrests and also protests in general have died down a bit, and the mayor of L.A. lifted a curfew that had been in effect for downtown.
--:-- Laura Fitzgerald: So just as we are speaking now, this only happened just a few hours ago, but how are Newsom and Trump reacting to the ruling?
--:-- Michelle Martin: Yeah, in a post on Truth Social, Trump called the Ninth Circuit ruling a big win.
--:-- Laura Fitzgerald: He also took a swipe at Newsom, calling him incompetent and ill-prepared.
--:-- Michelle Martin: But perhaps most importantly, Trump said this ruling would have an impact not just in California but in any state where a president determines there's a difficulty enforcing laws and decides to call in the National Guard.
--:-- Laura Fitzgerald: Newsom released a statement saying he was disappointed by the ruling but vowed to keep fighting out this legal battle.
--:-- Michelle Martin: He also took it as a victory that the court rejected the administration's argument that courts shouldn't decide whether a president can federalize National Guard troops.
--:-- Laura Fitzgerald: Okay, so is there a next step here?
--:-- Michelle Martin: Yeah, well, California could try to appeal the ruling, but yesterday's ruling was just on the emergency order attempting to block Trump's actions.
--:-- Laura Fitzgerald: Meanwhile, this case will actually continue in a lower court today, actually, in San Francisco.
--:-- Michelle Martin: Judge Charles Breyer, the same judge who issued the initial emergency order against Trump's actions last week, will hear the arguments again.
--:-- Laura Fitzgerald: This time, the question will be whether to issue a preliminary injunction, which is longer lasting than the emergency order he considered last week.
--:-- Michelle Martin: All right. That's Laura Fitzgerald from Cap Radio in Sacramento. Laura Fitzgerald, thanks so much for talking to us.
--:-- Laura Fitzgerald: Thank you, Michelle.
--:-- Michelle Martin: After a week of raising the possibility of launching U.S. strikes against Iran, President Trump is suggesting diplomacy.
--:-- Franco Ordonez: I'm Franco Ordonez, an NPR White House correspondent. Good morning, Michelle.
--:-- Michelle Martin: Good morning, Franco. So why is Trump's base, so-called MAGA world, so up in arms against the idea of U.S. strikes on Iran?
--:-- Franco Ordonez: I mean, well, President Trump campaigned on ending long foreign wars.
--:-- Michelle Martin: In his inauguration speech, for example, he talked about wanting his legacy to be one of a peacemaker.
--:-- Franco Ordonez: We will measure our success not only by the battles we win, but also by the wars that we end, and perhaps most importantly, the wars we never get into.
--:-- Michelle Martin: And now you have some of the biggest cheerleaders in MAGA world raising concerns about Trump escalating this crisis between Iran and Israel even more.
--:-- Franco Ordonez: Like who?
--:-- Michelle Martin: Well, I mean, we've of course talked this week about concerns raised by former talk show host Tucker Carlson, who's warned the president's legacy is on the line.
--:-- Franco Ordonez: Another is Steve Bannon, who served as a senior advisor to Trump.
--:-- Michelle Martin: He compared this conflict to Iraq and told reporters at a breakfast hosted by the Christian Science Monitor that the administration needs to be very careful.
--:-- Franco Ordonez: This is one of those ancient civilizations in the world, OK with 92 million people. This is not something you play around with.
--:-- Michelle Martin: You have to think this through at this level, and the American people have to be on board.
--:-- Franco Ordonez: Now, Michelle, I should also point out that not everyone in MAGA world opposes U.S. involvement.
--:-- Michelle Martin: Folks like Fox host Mark Levin, as well as Senator Lindsey Graham, have called for Trump to help Israel.
--:-- Franco Ordonez: So that raises a good point there, Franco, that there are different factions of the MAGA movement now.
--:-- Michelle Martin: I guess they have different philosophies about what America first means.
--:-- Franco Ordonez: Yeah, that's exactly right. I mean, like any political coalition, there is going to be some splits.
--:-- Michelle Martin: For some, it's economic policy and bringing back manufacturing to the U.S.
--:-- Franco Ordonez: Others, it's about not spending any money overseas at all, whether that's on USAID or supplying weapons to Ukraine.
--:-- Michelle Martin: And I was talking with John McHenry. He's a Republican pollster who told me there are also some exceptions among religious conservatives of the movement, especially as it relates to Israel.
--:-- Franco Ordonez: I think for a lot of folks in MAGA, Israel is the one exception, that it's important to support the Holy Land, to support Israel.
--:-- Michelle Martin: And they will make an exception on this one country where they might not for a Ukraine, for a Taiwan, you know, for something else in Europe.
--:-- Franco Ordonez: Frank, do you have a sense of what impact this divide has had on Trump and the administration?
--:-- Michelle Martin: I mean, certainly he hasn't liked it.
--:-- Franco Ordonez: I mean, he's lashed out at Carlson as well as reporters who asked about the divide.
--:-- Michelle Martin: But I'm also not sure how much sleep he's really losing over it.
--:-- Franco Ordonez: You know, Trump doesn't need to, and he can't run for reelection again.
--:-- Michelle Martin: And the Republicans I speak with say he's more likely looking at his legacy and seeing here a potential opportunity to topple a regime that Republicans have long looked to get rid of.
--:-- Franco Ordonez: But also balancing his own tendencies not to get involved with a war.
--:-- Michelle Martin: You can see that all kind of playing out when he decided to delay the action by two weeks.
--:-- Franco Ordonez: That is Franco Ordonez.
--:-- Franco Ordonez: Thank you, Michelle.
--:-- Michelle Martin: Europe is trying for diplomacy as Israel and Iran enter their second week of war.
--:-- Daniel Estrin: I'm Daniel Estrin, an NPR correspondent in Tel Aviv. Good morning, Michelle.
--:-- Michelle Martin: Good morning, Daniel. Okay, so this started a week ago when Israel launched these strikes against the nuclear sites and against military officials and nuclear scientists.
--:-- Daniel Estrin: And now, of course, Iran has responded.
--:-- Michelle Martin: And as we've just heard, there have been fatalities on both sides.
--:-- Daniel Estrin: Now, Prime Minister Netanyahu gave a rationale for this when it first started.
--:-- Michelle Martin: Has he said any more about why he chose this moment?
--:-- Daniel Estrin: He was asked that question again yesterday on Israeli public broadcasting, and he did say more.
--:-- Michelle Martin: He said this all goes back to September when Israel assassinated Hassan Nasrallah, the leader of Hezbollah in Lebanon.
--:-- Daniel Estrin: He was the head of Iran's main proxy in the region.
--:-- Michelle Martin: And Netanyahu said that when Nasrallah was killed and Hezbollah largely collapsed, Iran rushed to try to create a nuclear bomb.
--:-- Daniel Estrin: And Netanyahu claimed Iran was less than a year away.
--:-- Michelle Martin: Though there have been debates and differing U.S. intelligence assessments on that.
--:-- Daniel Estrin: But analysts in Israel say other political factors are at play here.
--:-- Michelle Martin: Netanyahu was under intense domestic pressure to end the Gaza war, to get Israeli hostages back.
--:-- Daniel Estrin: His government barely survived a no-confidence vote in parliament.
--:-- Michelle Martin: And then a day later, he launched the Iran attack.
--:-- Daniel Estrin: And that gave Netanyahu a major political comeback.
--:-- Michelle Martin: The majority of Israelis support the attacks on Iran.
--:-- Daniel Estrin: So what more can you tell us about diplomatic efforts now?
--:-- Michelle Martin: Iran state media says Iran foreign minister is meeting with his counterparts from France, Germany, and the UK today in Geneva.
--:-- Daniel Estrin: The British foreign minister met Secretary of State Marco Rubio yesterday and said there was a two-window for a diplomatic solution.
--:-- Michelle Martin: And remember yesterday, the White House said Trump would make a decision within two weeks whether to strike Iran.
--:-- Daniel Estrin: European diplomats have been calling for restraint, but also have said Israel has the right to protect its security and its people.
--:-- Michelle Martin: And Israel sees that as Europe actually supporting its attacks on Iran's nuclear sites, which is very different from Europe's explicit calls for Israel to end the Gaza war.
--:-- Daniel Estrin: So Daniel, does Israel need the U.S. to achieve its goal of destroying Iran's nuclear program?
--:-- Michelle Martin: Well, Netanyahu was asked that question on Israeli TV yesterday, and he said, we will achieve all our goals, all their nuclear facilities.
--:-- Daniel Estrin: It's in our power to do so.
--:-- Michelle Martin: And he said it was up to Trump to decide whether to join in.
--:-- Daniel Estrin: I spoke to a person familiar with the matter, who spoke on condition of anonymity because of the sensitivity of the issue, who told me Israeli officials believe Israel can destroy Iran's most fortified nuclear site, Fordow, on its own, without the U.S. bombing it, but that it would just be quicker if the U.S. took part.
--:-- Michelle Martin: Experts tell NPR U.S. bunker-busting bombs could do serious damage to the Fordow site.
--:-- Daniel Estrin: But that wouldn't destroy Iran's know-how to actually build nuclear weapons in the future.
--:-- Michelle Martin: That is Daniel Estrin in Tel Aviv.
--:-- Daniel Estrin: Thank you, Michelle.
--:-- Michelle Martin: You're listening to Up First from NPR News. I'm Michelle Martin.
--:-- Leila Fadel: And I'm Leila Fadel.
--:-- Michelle Martin: Since the fall of Roe v. Wade, abortion access has been banned or restricted in nearly 40% of U.S. states.
--:-- Leila Fadel: But despite that, abortion rates have actually risen across the country, largely due to the growing use of abortion pills.
--:-- Michelle Martin: If it goes the way that I think it will, in some ways abortion ironically will become more accessible, but less legal.
--:-- Leila Fadel: Tune in to the Sunday story to hear about how a network of women in Latin America helped pregnant people access abortion pills and eventually made its way to America.
--:-- Michelle Martin: Today's episode of Up First was edited by Krishna Dev Kalamur, Ryland Barton, Alex Leff, Miguel Macias, Jenea Williams, and Alice Wolfley.
--:-- Leila Fadel: It was produced by Ziyad Butch, Clara Murashima, and Christopher Thomas.
--:-- Michelle Martin: We get engineering support from Stacy Abbott.
--:-- Leila Fadel: Our technical director is Carleigh Strange.
--:-- Michelle Martin: And our Executive Producer is Jay Shaylor.
--:-- Leila Fadel: We hope you'll join us again Monday.
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--:-- Michelle Martin: This message comes from NetSuite.
--:-- Leila Fadel: What does the future hold for business? Can someone invent a crystal ball?
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--:-- Leila Fadel: With real-time insights and forecasting, you're able to peer into the future and seize new opportunities.
--:-- Michelle Martin: Download the CFO's Guide to AI and Machine Learning for free at netsuite.com slash story.
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--:-- Leila Fadel: Support for NPR and the following message come from Rosetta Stone.
--:-- Michelle Martin: The perfect app to achieve your language learning goals no matter how busy your schedule gets.
--:-- Leila Fadel: It's designed to maximize study time with immersive 10-minute lessons and audio practice for your commute.
--:-- Michelle Martin: Plus, tailor your learning plan for specific objectives like travel.
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--:-- Michelle Martin: Learn more at rosettastone.com slash NPR.
--:-- [Up First theme music plays]
--:-- Leila Fadel: That's all for today's episode of Up First from NPR News.
--:-- Michelle Martin: I'm Michelle Martin.
--:-- Leila Fadel: And I'm Leila Fadel.
--:-- Michelle Martin: Join us again Monday.
--:-- Leila Fadel: Thanks for listening.
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