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The Andrej Karpathy episode.

During this interview, Andrej explains why reinforcement learning is terrible (but everything else is much worse), why AGI will just blend into the previous ~2.5 centuries of 2% GDP growth, why self driving took so long to crack, and what he sees as the future of education.

It was a pleasure chatting with him.

Watch on YouTube; read the transcript.

Sponsors

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Timestamps

(00:00:00) – AGI is still a decade away

(00:29:45) – LLM cognitive deficits

(00:40:05) – RL is terrible

(00:49:38) – How do humans learn?

(01:06:25) – AGI will blend into 2% GDP growth

(01:17:36) – ASI

(01:32:50) – Evolution of intelligence & culture

(01:42:55) - Why self driving took so long

(01:56:20) - Future of education

As part of this interview, Satya Nadella gave Dylan Patel (founder of SemiAnalysis) and me an exclusive first-look at their brand-new Fairwater 2 datacenter.

Microsoft is building multiple Fairwaters, each of which has hundreds of thousands of GB200s & GB300s. Between all these interconnected buildings, they’ll have over 2 GW of total capacity. Just to give a frame of reference, even a single one of these Fairwater buildings is more powerful than any other AI datacenter that currently exists.

Satya then answered a bunch of questions about how Microsoft is preparing for AGI across all layers of the stack.

Watch on YouTube; read the transcript.

Sponsors

* Labelbox produces high-quality data at massive scale, powering any capability you want your model to have. Whether you’re building a voice agent, a coding assistant, or a robotics model, Labelbox gets you the exact data you need, fast. Reach out at labelbox.com/dwarkesh

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To sponsor a future episode, visit dwarkesh.com/advertise.

Timestamps

(00:00:00) - Fairwater 2

(00:03:20) - Business models for AGI

(00:12:48) - Copilot

(00:20:02) - Whose margins will expand most?

(00:36:17) - MAI

(00:47:47) - The hyperscale business

(01:02:44) - In-house chip & OpenAI partnership

(01:09:35) - The CAPEX explosion

(01:15:07) - Will the world trust US companies to lead AI?

Ilya & I discuss SSI’s strategy, the problems with pre-training, how to improve the generalization of AI models, and how to ensure AGI goes well.

Watch on YouTube; read the transcript.

Sponsors

* Gemini 3 is the first model I’ve used that can find connections I haven’t anticipated. I recently wrote a blog post on RL’s information efficiency, and Gemini 3 helped me think it all through. It also generated the relevant charts and ran toy ML experiments for me with zero bugs. Try Gemini 3 today at gemini.google

* Labelbox helped me create a tool to transcribe our episodes! I’ve struggled with transcription in the past because I don’t just want verbatim transcripts, I want transcripts reworded to read like essays. Labelbox helped me generate the exact data I needed for this. If you want to learn how Labelbox can help you (or if you want to try out the transcriber tool yourself), go to labelbox.com/dwarkesh

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To sponsor a future episode, visit dwarkesh.com/advertise.

Timestamps

(00:00:00) – Explaining model jaggedness

(00:09:39) - Emotions and value functions

(00:18:49) – What are we scaling?

(00:25:13) – Why humans generalize better than models

(00:35:45) – SSI’s plan to straight-shot superintelligence

(00:46:47) – SSI’s model will learn from deployment

(00:55:07) – How to think about powerful AGIs

(01:18:13) – “We are squarely an age of research company”

(01:20:23) – Self-play and multi-agent

(01:32:42) – Research taste

Read the essay here.

Timestamps

00:00:00 What are we scaling?

00:03:11 The value of human labor

00:05:04 Economic diffusion lag is cope00:06:34 Goal-post shifting is justified

00:08:23 RL scaling

00:09:18 Broadly deployed intelligence explosion

In this powerful and emotionally raw episode, Sean Callagy sits down with therapist and viral relationship expert Sadia Khan for one of the most honest conversations ever held on stage at Unblinded.

Sadia shares her background, what pulled her into relationship psychology, and how she built a platform that resonates with people looking for direct, honest perspectives on modern dating, self-respect, and emotional responsibility.

She also opens up about what happens when your message gets clipped, taken out of context, and turned into a viral narrative. Sadia talks about the personal cost of that moment: the stress, the emotional toll, the pressure from family and community, and the challenge of staying grounded when strangers feel entitled to define your character.

This isn’t a surface-level “internet drama” conversation. It’s about identity, integrity, and how Sadia has learned to keep showing up with clarity even when the noise is loud.

EPISODE HIGHLIGHTS

• How she got into relationship psychology and public commentary

• Why her message resonates: direct truth, self-respect, and accountability

• What it feels like when a clip becomes a narrative you didn’t choose

• The emotional toll of being judged by millions of strangers

• Family and cultural pressure when public criticism gets loud

• How Sadia thinks about integrity vs approval

• Staying calm, clear, and consistent when people want a reaction

• The difference between constructive critique and online pile-ons

• What Sadia learned about influence, responsibility, and boundaries

• How she reframed the backlash into growth and deeper clarity

Timestamps

00:00 – Introduction: Sadia Khan’s Rise and Public Voice

03:12 – Sadia’s Background and Path into Relationship Psychology

11:05 – Building an Audience Through Direct Truth

18:40 – Why Her Message Resonates So Strongly

26:15 – When a Clip Goes Viral and the Narrative Changes

34:02 – The Emotional Impact of Online Backlash

41:48 – Faith, Family, and Cultural Pressure Under Scrutiny

49:30 – Being Misunderstood vs Being Attacked

57:18 – The Internal Struggle: Defend, Apologize, or Stand Firm

1:05:04 – Integrity Over Approval

1:12:46 – The Responsibility of Influence at Scale

1:20:18 – Handling Criticism Without Losing Yourself

1:27:42 – Boundaries, Strength, and Staying Grounded

1:33:55 – What Sadia Learned from the Backlash

1:36:40 – Final Reflections: Clarity, Conviction, and Moving Forward

KEY TAKEAWAYS

• Your message will be tested the moment it reaches scale

• Being misunderstood is part of being visible

• Clarity is more powerful than defensiveness

• Integrity matters more than internet applause

• You can’t control narratives, but you can control your standards

• The strongest response is often staying consistent and grounded

This episode is a living example of Influence Mastery under pressure.

If you’ve ever felt misunderstood, judged, or attacked for being honest—this episode will hit home.

Spartan philosophy, built in the black-ops lab of business: https://www.findingpeak.com

Finding Peak podcast: https://linktr.ee/ryan_hanley

Have you ever looked around and felt like the world is going insane?

Why do smart, successful people fall for ideas that have no receipts? Why do we stand and applaud things we don't actually believe?

The answer is a mix of fear, laziness, and a deep-seated need to belong. And breaking free requires a level of courage most people never develop.

In this episode, I sit down with courage expert and author Margie Warrell to dissect the psychology of groupthink and the cowardice that allows bad ideas to fester. We explore why your brain is wired to play it safe and how to build the mental fortitude to think for yourself.

I also share a raw, personal story about a major business failure that brought my own worst behaviors roaring back, and the humbling lesson I learned about the difference between being "fixed" and being managed.

In this episode, you will learn:

• The biological reason you choose comfort over growth (and how to override it).
• How to use "grace" as a strategy to stay in the fight after a setback.
• Why the fear of being cast out of the tribe is as powerful as the fear of death.
• A simple framework for judging ideas: "Show me the receipts."
• How to lead with consistent values when the world demands you follow trends.

If you're ready to stop borrowing opinions and start building your own, this conversation is your blueprint. Watch now.

• Website: https://margiewarrell.com/
• Book, The Courage Gap: https://www.amazon.com/Courage-Gap-Five-Steps-Action/dp/1119422253