--:-- Leila Faudil: The Senate votes for a fourth time on dueling bills to end the shutdown. Both are likely to fail. Republicans are sharing memes of Democrats in sombreros.
--:-- Steve Inskeep: Do officials feel any urgency to reopen the government? Do you feel any urgency to say the next line? To do this show? Take two, three.
--:-- Leila Faudil: I don't know what's happening, guys, but we're going to have a tough day. It's all good.
--:-- Steve Inskeep: The Senate votes for a fourth time on dueling bills to end the shutdown. Both are likely to fail, and Republicans are sharing memes of Democrats in sombreros.
--:-- Leila Faudil: Do officials feel any urgency to reopen the government?
--:-- Steve Inskeep: I'm Leila Faudil with Steve Inskeep, and this is Up First from NPR News.
--:-- Leila Faudil: The people who compile the monthly jobs report were told not to finish the job. I hope they can resolve this quickly and we can get back to our normal data releases.
--:-- Steve Inskeep: Businesses and policymakers are flying blind, which other economic indicators are affected. Also, what is the White House demanding from a handful of prominent universities?
--:-- Leila Faudil: The administration asked them to sign a document supporting the president's priorities.
--:-- Steve Inskeep: Stay with us. We've got the news you need to start your day.
--:-- This message comes from NPR sponsor FX, presenting The Lowdown, starring Ethan Hawke. Introducing you to Lee Raybon, a quirky journalist slash rare bookstore owner slash unofficial truth seeker who is always on the tail of his latest conspiracy.
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--:-- Steve Inskeep: Three days into a government shutdown, neither side is showing signs of giving ground. The Trump administration has said it will take the opportunity to increase the pain on their fellow Americans by firing federal workers.
--:-- [Senator John Thune voice]
--:-- Senate Majority Leader John Thune is not warning them off. Anytime you're in this situation, you have to manage a shutdown. Decisions have to be made about what to prioritize, where you're going to spend money.
--:-- Steve Inskeep: I expect there are going to be some decisions coming out about that. That wouldn't surprise me at all.
--:-- [Senator John Thune voice]
--:-- The Republican-led Senate will vote for the fourth time today on partisan stopgap bills that are expected to fail.
--:-- Leila Faudil: NPR congressional correspondent Claudia Grisaldis has been reporting on all this and joins us now.
--:-- Claudia Grisaldis: Hi, Claudia. Good morning, Layla. Good morning.
--:-- Leila Faudil: So why go through the motion of voting on these dueling bills when they don't have the votes?
--:-- Claudia Grisaldis: Right. Leader Thune says this is a tactic to pressure Democrats to fold. Let Republicans overcome a filibuster holding up government funding.
--:-- Leila Faudil: They need Democrats to reach this required 60 vote threshold today, but we're not expecting them to help.
--:-- Claudia Grisaldis: So far, only three have defected to vote with Republicans. And as we know, the GOP only controls 53 Senate seats. So they need at least seven Democrats, probably more, as one Republican Kentucky Senator Rand Paul is expected to vote no.
--:-- Leila Faudil: The rest of the Democratic caucus has said they will not help unless Republicans address expiring subsidies for the Affordable Care Act or ACA program.
--:-- Claudia Grisaldis: And this is also a big issue for Americans. 20 million people could see their insurance premium spike in some cases double If these expire are Senate Republicans willing to talk at this point?
--:-- Leila Faudil: Not really Not right now
--:-- Claudia Grisaldis: A bipartisan group was in talks this week I followed up with one member, Senator Mike Round of South Dakota. He said Republicans were simply trying to convince Democrats first vote on this stopgap, known as a continuing resolution or CR.
--:-- Leila Faudil: If they don't pass a short-term CR, there is no way of getting anything done in time to do the things that they want to with regard to ACA subsidies.
--:-- Claudia Grisaldis: So he says these subsidies have to go through a separate bill that's stuck behind this showdown.
--:-- Leila Faudil: But for Democrats, there's a chance this is a bait and switch. So most are not budging for now.
--:-- Claudia Grisaldis: Now, Vice President Vance was publicly insisting there's no rush to renew the subsidies since they don't take effect until next year. Is there plenty of time on this?
--:-- Leila Faudil: Well, Democrats would argue no. These subsidies don't expire until the end of the year, but they say with open enrollment coming up next month, they say that needs to be handled now.
--:-- Claudia Grisaldis: So you could say Democrats are fighting as well for a popular issue. Perhaps there's a political calculation here, too.
--:-- Leila Faudil: NPR has reported that 24 million people are enrolled. They include influential voters, active voters like small business owners, farmers, and ranchers.
--:-- Claudia Grisaldis: So lawmakers went into this shutdown feeling it was inevitable. At this point, do they show any urgency about ending it?
--:-- Leila Faudil: Well, we didn't see much this week. We just saw a lot of posturing.
--:-- Claudia Grisaldis: For example, President Trump threatened mass layoffs, cutting, quote, Democratic agencies, and met with the head of management and budget, Russell Vogt, on the next steps there.
--:-- Leila Faudil: But when I asked Republicans about these cuts, like you heard Thune there at the top, they say it's the administration's prerogative.
--:-- Claudia Grisaldis: What's partly fueling the stalemate is a lot of government agencies are still running. Federal paychecks haven't been missed yet. So the American public hasn't noticed much.
--:-- Leila Faudil: But as this stretches on, the pressure will only build on Congress and the president.
--:-- Claudia Grisaldis: And PR's Claudia Grisselis. Thank you, Claudia.
--:-- Claudia Grisaldis: Thank you.
--:-- Steve Inskeep: For economists who follow the job market, the first Friday of each month is like Christmas morning. That's when the Labor Department usually delivers its closely watched report on jobs and unemployment.
--:-- Leila Faudil: This morning brings nothing but a lump of coal, however. The jobs report has been postponed, not by the Grinch, but by the government shutdown.
--:-- Steve Inskeep: NPR's Scott Horsley joins us now.
--:-- Scott Horsley: Good morning, Steve. Okay, so I was thinking about this Friday coming up because you join us month after month after month, and now you have nothing to tell us.
--:-- Leila Faudil: What's it mean not to have the jobs report?
--:-- Scott Horsley: Yeah, well, it means that labor economists can sleep in a little bit, especially those on the West Coast. They typically have to be at their computers at 5:30 a.m. Pacific time to digest this potentially market-moving information about how many jobs were added or subtracted in each industry and what happened to the workforce and whether the unemployment rate moved up or down.
--:-- Leila Faudil: The monthly jobs report is one of the government's most closely watched economic releases.
--:-- Scott Horsley: And the fact that it's not coming out on schedule this morning leaves people like Alison Trivostiv, who's an economist with Indeed, feeling a little bit unsettled.
--:-- Leila Faudil: It's going to be very odd to not be refreshing, refreshing, refreshing. I guess I'll just slowly sip my coffee. I'm not sure. Take the dog for an extra long walk.
--:-- Scott Horsley: So good news for the dog, but not so good for businesses and policymakers who are left guessing about which way the economy is going.
--:-- Leila Faudil: Where do forecasters think the economy is going?
--:-- Scott Horsley: Well, job growth has definitely slowed down in recent months. Forecasters thought today's report would show that employers added somewhere in the neighborhood of 50,000 jobs in September.
--:-- Leila Faudil: That would be an improvement from the anemic job gains of the month before, but a big slowdown from September of last year.
--:-- Scott Horsley: University of Michigan economist Betsy Stevenson says some slowdown in hiring is to be expected given the Trump administration crackdown on undocumented immigrants.
--:-- Leila Faudil: I think everybody agrees that it not the kind of job growth we had a year ago We can sustain job growth that that quick and get rid of a lot of our foreign-born workers.
--:-- Scott Horsley: A key question for policymakers, though, including the ones at the Federal Reserve, is are we adding enough jobs to keep pace with the growth of the labor force and keep the unemployment rate from creeping higher?
--:-- Leila Faudil: And it's just hard to know that without solid numbers from the government.
--:-- Scott Horsley: You know, this is not a great time to be missing a report like this. It's as though we're driving on a foggy road and we've just lost our headlights and our GPS.
--:-- Leila Faudil: Well, I wonder if some other headlights are about to go out. Are there other reports likely to be affected here?
--:-- Scott Horsley: Yeah. If this drags on, we could see the inflation report delayed as well. That's due out in a couple of weeks.
--:-- Leila Faudil: And ordinarily, government price checkers would be gathering the information for that report right now.
--:-- Scott Horsley: Even before the government shutdown, the Labor Department had been forced to scale back the number of price checks it conducts for the inflation report each month because of staffing cuts made by the Trump administration.
--:-- Leila Faudil: So adding this shutdown on top of that doesn't help.
--:-- Scott Horsley: Stevenson says she hopes lawmakers hurry up and work out their differences so the government number crunchers can get back to work.
--:-- Leila Faudil: I hope they can resolve this quickly and we can get back to our normal data releases.
--:-- Steve Inskeep: By the way, the September inflation report is particularly important because it's one of three monthly inflation yardsticks that are used to calculate the annual cost of living increase that Social Security recipients will receive next year.
--:-- Scott Horsley: Scott, I heard some sounds in the background. Was that your dog wanting to go out for a walk?
--:-- Scott Horsley: He's ready, and he's looking for an extra long walk today. Okay, go for it, go for it. You've got extra time.
--:-- Leila Faudil: NPR's Scott Horsley, thanks so much. Good to be with you, Steve.
--:-- Steve Inskeep: The Trump administration is continuing efforts to exert control over higher education. This week, the White House sent a letter to several universities urging them to sign a formal agreement, what it's calling a compact, pledging to support many of President Trump's policy priorities.
--:-- Leila Faudil: NPR's Alyssa Nadwerny is covering this story.
--:-- Alyssa Nadwerny: Alyssa, good morning.
--:-- Leila Faudil: Okay, so what is in this letter, or compact as they're calling it?
--:-- Alyssa Nadwerny: Well, it was first reported in the Wall Street Journal and later confirmed by the White House. Here's Caroline Levitt, the White House press secretary, speaking about it to reporters.
--:-- [White House Press Secretary Caroline Levitt voice]
--:-- This letter went out to multiple universities, as you know, and it's really a sign of encouragement for them to work alongside the administration to do what's right for their students in terms of ensuring free speech, in terms of preventing some of the anti-Semitic and illegal behavior that we saw ravaging our college campuses last year.
--:-- Leila Faudil: So some of the demands include holding tuition flat for five years, providing data on international students to the government, requiring schools to accept the government's definition of gender and apply it to campus bathrooms, locker rooms, and women's sports teams.
--:-- Alyssa Nadwerny: So it's a wide range of some more controversial, some more partisan, and some bipartisan ideas of what to do in higher ed. Mainstream ideas, yeah, I understand, except some of them are more partisan, right?
--:-- Leila Faudil: Go on, go on.
--:-- Alyssa Nadwerny: And in return, schools are going to get a priority access to these federal grants. So the nine colleges that they picked include private schools like Massachusetts Institute of Technology or MIT, and then also state schools like the University of Texas.
--:-- Leila Faudil: And in response, there's been kind of a range from colleges. The chairman of the UT System Board of Regents said in a statement that the system was honored that its flagship campus, UT Austin, was chosen and said, quote, we welcome the new opportunity to working with the Trump administration on it.
--:-- Alyssa Nadwerny: Other schools said they were reviewing it. Vanderbilt University said it was looking forward to providing meaningful feedback to the administration.
--:-- Leila Faudil: But critics see this as a threat to free speech, to academic independence.
--:-- Alyssa Nadwerny: The American Association of University Professors is urging colleges not to sign the compact Yeah some of these things would be popular with people like freezing tuition I understand that But some of them are telling colleges what to say
--:-- Leila Faudil: And I suppose it also sets a precedent that the administration gets to set these standards for universities to get research grants and so forth.
--:-- Alyssa Nadwerny: How does this align with other attempts to crack down on higher education?
--:-- Leila Faudil: You know, well, this follows a similar playbook. But the biggest difference is instead of threats, if you agree to these demands, it would provide a reward.
--:-- Alyssa Nadwerny: Got it. So over the last eight months, the administration has canceled billions of dollars in federal research grants at many universities over a number of issues, including transgender policies, diversity, equity, inclusion programs, anti-Semitism on campus.
--:-- Leila Faudil: They've also spent months going back and forth with Harvard University, the wealthiest college in America, with the administration opening investigations, withholding fundings over similar demands.
--:-- Alyssa Nadwerny: As recently as this week, the Department of Health and Human Services began a process that would essentially block Harvard from doing business with the government.
--:-- Leila Faudil: Isn't Harvard getting closer to a settlement with the administration?
--:-- Alyssa Nadwerny: Well, earlier this week, Trump told reporters that a deal was very close to being finalized. The two sides have been negotiating all summer. A settlement would restore research funding and close open federal investigations.
--:-- Leila Faudil: It would nullify ongoing lawsuits between the two sides. Trump said the deal would likely include Harvard paying $500 million to fund workforce training.
--:-- Alyssa Nadwerny: Here he is talking about it. And, you know, it's a big investment in trade school, done by very smart people. And then their sins are forgiven.
--:-- Leila Faudil: And in recent months, Steve, you know, Trump has really focused on trade schools and the importance of workforce training.
--:-- Alyssa Nadwerny: We saw this in the deal they made with Brown University over the summer, where the school agreed to pay $50 million. and instead of paying the federal government, they agreed to give that money to workforce development organizations in Rhode Island.
--:-- Leila Faudil: You know, I've reached out to Harvard about an upcoming deal and officials there have not confirmed any settlement.
--:-- Alyssa Nadwerny: Okay, well we'll keep watching that.
--:-- Leila Faudil: NPR's Alyssa Nedwerny, thanks so much. You bet.
--:-- Steve Inskeep: And that's it first for this Friday, October 3rd. I'm Stephen Skeif. And I'm Laila Faldin.
--:-- Leila Faudil: Reporting on the national security beat is one of the toughest jobs out there. Spy agencies don't tell you what they're doing. By definition, they want to keep it secret.
--:-- Steve Inskeep: This weekend on The Sunday Story, Aisha talks to all things considered host Mary Louise Kelly about her new podcast, Sources and Methods, where she is working to bring listeners inside the Pentagon, the State Department and the intelligence community to understand America's shifting role in the world.
--:-- Leila Faudil: Listen this weekend to The Sunday Story right here in the Up First podcast.
--:-- Steve Inskeep: Today's Up First was edited by Kelsey Snell, Raphael Nam, Steve Drummond, Mohamed El-Bardisi, and Alice Wolfley.
--:-- Leila Faudil: It was produced by Ziad Butch, Neha DeMoss, and Lindsay Tati.
--:-- Steve Inskeep: We get engineering support from Stacey Abbott.
--:-- Leila Faudil: And our technical director is Carly Strange.
--:-- Steve Inskeep: Our executive producer is the hardworking Jay Shaler.
--:-- Leila Faudil: Join us again.
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