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--:-- Michelle Martin: President Trump is heading to two disaster zones for his first trip since returning to the White House. So how are politics getting involved in aid relief for California and North Carolina?
--:-- A Martinez: I'm Michelle Martin, that's A Martinez, and this is Up First from NPR News.
--:-- Michelle Martin: Trump is targeting the federal government's diversity programs. They got their start during the civil rights movement decades ago. And he also wants to get rid of efforts to investigate extremism in the military. Things like focusing on extremism have created a climate inside our ranks that feel political when it hasn't ever been political.
--:-- A Martinez: How could all this change the ranks of the people charged with defending the country?
--:-- Michelle Martin: And the U.S. is seeking to extradite an Israeli private investigator accused of a hacking operation against American climate activists. Stay with us. We've got all the news you need to start your day.
--:-- [Up First theme music continues]
--:-- Michelle Martin: This message comes from BetterHelp. It's only human to ask others for advice, like turning to your barista, hairdresser, or a taxi driver for life advice. But when you're looking for help about relationships, anxiety, depression, or other clinical issues, they may not have all the right answers. Instead, get guidance from a licensed therapist online with BetterHelp. Visit BetterHelp.com slash NPR for 10% off your first month.
--:-- A Martinez: This message comes from NetSuite. What does the future hold for business? Can someone invent a crystal ball? Until then, over 42,000 businesses have future-proofed their business with NetSuite by Oracle, the number one AI cloud ERP, bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, and HR into one platform. With real-time insights and forecasting, you're able to peer into the future and seize new opportunities. Download the CFO's Guide to AI and Machine Learning for free at netsuite.com slash story. Plan options available. Taxes and fees extra.
--:-- Michelle Martin: President Trump is capping off his first week in office with a trip across the country. He's heading to Asheville, North Carolina today, and then here where I'm at in Los Angeles. Both communities are grappling with recovery from disasters, but there is some politics at play, too.
--:-- A Martinez: Yeah, NPR's White House correspondent Deepa Shiveram joins us now to talk about this.
--:-- Deepa Shiveram: Yeah, well, we're waiting to hear more information. This is the first week of the new Trump administration. So they're still working out some of the details of these kinds of presidential movements.
--:-- Michelle Martin: What we do know is actually from the president himself. He said he's going to Asheville, North Carolina. That city was absolutely devastated by Hurricane Helene in September. There was massive amounts of flooding. And this was all in the middle of the presidential campaign. And the disaster became political when Trump started posting online that the Biden administration wasn't doing enough to help. He spread misinformation about aid relief, saying Democrats were withholding aid from Republican areas and was misrepresenting how much money there was for rebuilding efforts.
--:-- Deepa Shiveram: Parts of North Carolina are still recovering and rebuilding, and Trump talked about it in his inaugural address.
--:-- A Martinez: So then after Asheville, North Carolina, then he comes to Los Angeles. Correct. So he's headed there after weeks of wildfires in L.A. It's set to be one of the most expensive natural disasters in the U.S. in a long time. And FEMA has enough money right now, but there is going to be a lot more federal aid needed as the city works to recover.
--:-- Deepa Shiveram: But Trump sees it as an opportunity for political leverage. He's trying to build support in Congress for some of his legislative priorities like tax cuts and government spending measures. And having support from some Democrats who want the wildfire aid passed might make that easier.
--:-- A Martinez: Here's Trump in an interview with Sean Hannity on Fox News on Wednesday. I will say that Los Angeles has changed everything because a lot of money is going to be necessary for Los Angeles. And a lot of people on the other side want that to happen. North Carolina too. Well, they don't care about North Carolina.
--:-- Deepa Shiveram: California is led by a Democrat and Governor Gavin Newsom and Trump often spar. Newsom has invited Trump to come out to L.A., but it's not known if Trump will meet with him. And I'll say North Carolina's current and previous governors are both also Democrats.
--:-- A Martinez: Using disaster relief as political leverage, that doesn't sound very typical.
--:-- Deepa Shiveram: Yeah, Trump is really leaning into leveraging the California aid and any other element of it is that he's asking for the state to change their water policies in order for them to get any money. It's not clear how far Trump intends to go with that request, but he's been talking about it for days.
--:-- A Martinez: I spoke with Henry Brady. He's a professor of politics at Berkeley in California. And he said doing this also kind of sets up a slippery slope for both parties. In general, most of the Congress doesn't probably want this to happen because if this starts, where does it lead eventually?
--:-- Deepa Shiveram: In the Midwest, if you have tornadoes, you have to change your laws to have basements that are safe. If you are in New Orleans and you have a hurricane, you've got to stop building houses on floodplains and on and on and on. And in Congress, you know, some Republicans agree with Trump on this, but I will say there are some California Republicans who are pushing back saying that there should be no conditions on this aid.
--:-- A Martinez: All right. That's NPR's Deepa Shibram. Thanks a lot.
--:-- Deepa Shiveram: Thanks a lot.
--:-- Michelle Martin: The Trump administration has nixed DEI, or diversity, equity and inclusion programs across federal government. These programs were part of a civil rights movement stretching back decades, but the president has called these efforts, quote, dangerous, demeaning, or immoral, unquote. And he's also targeting efforts to investigate extremism in the military's ranks.
--:-- A Martinez: NPR's Pentagon correspondent Tom Bowman joins us now to discuss.
--:-- Tom Bowman: Well, these programs have been seen as pretty effective in bringing more women and minorities into the ranks at all levels. President Biden chose the first woman, Admiral Lisa Franchetti, to run the Navy, as well as the first black defense secretary, Lloyd Austin.
--:-- Michelle Martin: But Donald Trump and his defense secretary nominee, Pete Hegseth, have dismissed these programs as woke and divisive.
--:-- Tom Bowman: Another thing they question is extremist activity. My colleague Lauren Hodges and I talked about all this in our recent podcast, The Good Guy. It focused on an active duty Marine Sergeant Josh Abate, who was in the Capitol on January 6th and pleaded guilty to a misdemeanor.
--:-- A Martinez: Abate told the court in a written statement that he was wrong about the election being stolen. And by the way, a Marine panel voted to keep him in, and he's still on active duty. So what does that say then about understanding extremism in the military?
--:-- Tom Bowman: Well, first of all, it's important to note that about one in five of those who were arrested for January 6 activities had military backgrounds, nearly all veterans. Now, Pentagon officials have long insisted that they don't have an extremism problem, that the numbers are small. But, you know, they really don't know because they've never collected data.
--:-- A Martinez: And the services within just within the last several months said they would collect such data. And they outlined prohibitive behavior such as joining militia groups raising money for them or attending rallies for extremist groups.
--:-- Tom Bowman: So all this now brings us to Pete Hegseth. That President Trump nominee for Secretary of Defense. What has he said about all this?
--:-- A Martinez: Well he has been very outspoken not only about his opposition to DEI programs but also efforts to better understand whether the Pentagon and the military services have an extremism problem.
--:-- Tom Bowman: Here he is at his confirmation hearing when he was asked about that by Republican Senator Kevin Kramer of North Dakota. Let's listen.
--:-- Tom Bowman: Things like focusing on extremism, Senator, have created a climate inside our ranks that feel political when it hasn't ever been political. Those are the types of things that are going to change.
--:-- A Martinez: Now, officials who worked on these anti-extremist efforts say, no, it's not political. It's not what politician you support or even ideas you might have. It's all about action. Again, like joining the militia groups, taking part in racist or anti-government rallies.
--:-- Tom Bowman: But clearly, all these efforts to collect data on extremism will end.
--:-- A Martinez: So, Hank Seth will get rid of DEI programs, those extremist fact-finding programs. What else do we expect from him should the Senate confirm them?
--:-- Tom Bowman: Well, we could see him making some personnel changes, maybe removing military leaders he believes got the job, not based on merit, but because of their gender or race. There is concern with people I talk with in the Pentagon, in the officer corps. At this point, we'll just have to wait and see.
--:-- A Martinez: All right, that's NPR's Tom Bowman. Tom, thanks a lot.
--:-- Tom Bowman: You're welcome.
--:-- Michelle Martin: Prominent climate activists in the United States were targeted several years ago in a global hacking campaign. The Justice Department is trying to extradite someone it says is a key player in the story.
--:-- A Martinez: NPR's Michael Copley is in London covering the latest developments.
--:-- Michael Copley: So, Michael, what took you to London?
--:-- A Martinez: I've been here for an extradition hearing. It's for an Israeli private investigator who's accused by the U.S. of orchestrating a hacking operation against American climate activists. The privatized name is Amit Forlett. He was arrested earlier this year at London's Heathrow Airport.
--:-- Michael Copley: And we should say at the top, Forlett has previously denied ordering or paying for hacking.
--:-- A Martinez: So a private investigator. Do we know who he was allegedly working for?
--:-- Michael Copley: So a British lawyer representing the U.S. Justice Department said Forlett was allegedly working for an unnamed public affairs firm based in Washington, D.C., and that that firm was allegedly representing one of the world's biggest oil and gas companies based in Texas, again unnamed.
--:-- A Martinez: The lawyer said the oil and gas company wanted to discredit activists connected to climate change litigation.
--:-- Michael Copley: So the private eye was allegedly working for this public affairs company, which in turn was allegedly working for a big oil and gas company.
--:-- A Martinez: Yeah, exactly. Okay, but the U.S. government hasn't named the companies.
--:-- Michael Copley: No, it hasn't. We did hear from one of Forlet's lawyers this week. She said in court that the U.S. is trying to prosecute Forlet for leading a hacking operation that was allegedly commissioned by a public affairs firm called DCI Group that was representing ExxonMobil.
--:-- A Martinez: The Justice Department didn't respond to a message seeking comment. It hasn't accused Exxon or DCI of wrongdoing. Exxon and DCI declined to comment on being mentioned in court before the hearing in London, both said in emails to NPR that they haven't been involved in hacking.
--:-- Michael Copley: Why did you contact those companies before they were mentioned in court in London?
--:-- A Martinez: So there have been media reports stating that the U.S. has investigated DCI as part of its hacking probe. Before the London hearings, a source familiar with the probe confirmed to NPR that the U.S. has investigated DCI's possible role in the hacking.
--:-- Michael Copley: The source wasn't authorized to speak publicly. NPR hasn't found what, if any, links the Justice Department thought DCI may have had with the hacking campaign. And we have not found any indications that the Justice Department investigated ExxonMobil.
--:-- A Martinez: So it sounds like the government and journalists have been pursuing this hacking investigation for a while.
--:-- Michael Copley: Yeah. So the government investigation became public in 2019. A business associate of Forlitz was arrested in the U He eventually pleaded guilty to hacking charges and in 2023 a federal judge sentenced him to more than six years in prison.
--:-- A Martinez: In that case, federal prosecutors said stolen information was leaked to the media and that ExxonMobil's lawyers used the media coverage to try to fight state climate investigations.
--:-- Michael Copley: Federal prosecutors did not accuse ExxonMobil of any wrongdoing. The company said at the time that it had not been involved in hacking.
--:-- A Martinez: Okay, so where do things go from here? I mean, you know, it's been years since the hacking allegedly started, but the victims say it's critical for the U.S. to find out who ordered it.
--:-- Michael Copley: Matt Powell is one of the victims and an environmental lawyer. He says finding out what happened is important for punishing whoever was ultimately responsible. And for the purposes of deterrence, so that this is not done again.
--:-- A Martinez: And deterrence gets to these big issues of, you know, living in a free society. If we have a lot of hacking, then we're not going to live in a very free society because people are going to be afraid to speak out.
--:-- Michael Copley: For now, we're waiting to see if the UK extradites Forlitt. Another extradition hearing is expected in the coming weeks.
--:-- A Martinez: All right, that's NPR's Michael Copley from the Climate Desk. Michael, thanks.
--:-- Michael Copley: Thanks, A.
--:-- Michelle Martin: For your next listen on Up First Sunday, in Syria, witnesses to the brutality of the former Assad regime are now speaking out. They include those forced to dig mass graves across the country. The holes were so filled with bodies that there wasn't enough dirt to reach the other side to cover. This Sunday on Up First, correspondent Ruth Sherlock uncovers what has been called the Assad regime's machinery of death.
--:-- A Martinez: Listen to the Sunday story right here on NPR's Up First podcast.
--:-- Michelle Martin: And that's Up First for Friday, January 24th. I'm E. Martinez. And I'm Michelle Martin.
--:-- A Martinez: And remember, you can listen to this podcast sponsor-free while financially supporting public media with Up First Plus. Learn more at plus.npr.org.
--:-- Michelle Martin: That's plus.npr.org.
--:-- A Martinez: Today's episode of Up First was edited by Roberta Rampton, Andrew Sussman, Neela Banerjee, Olivia Hampton, and Alice Wolfley was produced by Zia Butch, Ian Dumas, Milton Kavada, and Claire Murashima.
--:-- Michelle Martin: We get engineering support from Arthur Laurent, and our technical director is Carly Strange.
--:-- A Martinez: Our executive producer is Kelly Dickens.
--:-- Michelle Martin: Join us again next time.
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--:-- A Martinez: This message comes from Lisa. Lisa mattresses are meticulously designed and assembled in the USA for exceptional quality. And each mattress is designed with specific sleep positions and feel preferences in mind. Plus, they back it all up with free shipping, easy returns, and a 100-night sleep trial. Visit Lisa.com for 25% off mattresses, plus get an extra $50 off with promo code NPR. That's L-E-E-S-A.com, promo code NPR.
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--:-- A Martinez: This message comes from Lisa. Lisa mattresses are meticulously designed and assembled in the USA for exceptional quality. And each mattress is designed with specific sleep positions and feel preferences in mind. Plus, they back it all up with free shipping, easy returns, and a 100-night sleep trial. Visit Lisa.com for 25% off mattresses, plus get an extra $50 off with promo code NPR. That's L-E-E-S-A dot com, promo code NPR.
