Gut Health

In this powerful episode of The Level Up Podcast w/ Paul Alex, health and wellness expert John Jubilee (@johnjubilee) breaks down the truth about weight loss—and why most people are doing it wrong. He reveals the hidden science behind burning fat, not muscle, and how understanding your body at a cellular level can completely transform your energy, performance, and longevity. From helping thousands of people reverse obesity and chronic fatigue to uncovering the lies pushed by the fitness industry, John shares his proven 88-Day Transformation formula that’s changing lives worldwide. This isn’t another diet fad—it’s a biological breakthrough. 🔥 Key Takeaways: Why “weight loss” is one of the most dangerous goals in fitness How to rebuild your metabolism from the inside out The shocking truth about dehydration, fat storage, and cellular health How John went from banker to one of America’s top transformation coaches The mindset shift that turns your body into a fat-burning machine If you’re tired of dieting, ready to feel truly alive, and want to understand what your doctor won’t tell you—this episode is your wake-up call. 🎯 Stop losing weight. Start losing FAT—and start living again. Your Network is your NETWORTH! Make sure to add me on all SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS: Instagram: https://jo.my/paulalex2024 Facebook: https://jo.my/fbpaulalex2024 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCGhDAD1JyGGzSQUPD9lc9HQ LinkedIn: https://jo.my/inpaulalex2024 Looking for a secondary source of income or want to become an entrepreneur? Check out one of my companies below to see if we can help you: 👉 www.CashSwipe.com 💥 FREE Copy of my book “Blue to Digital Gold - The New American Dream”www.officialPaulAlex.com

Today’s episode could change (or save) your life. It’s a must-listen. You’ll hear from the world’s leading longevity doctor about the simple, proven changes that will help you live longer, feel better, and prevent diseases like cancer, heart disease, and dementia. Today, Mel sits down with one of the world’s most respected scientists, Dr. Eric Topol — a pioneering cardiologist, longevity researcher, and one of the top 10 most cited medical researchers alive today — to reveal the real, evidence-based approach to longevity. This is the science and art of living better, longer. Forget the trendy anti-aging supplements, infusions, and miracle cures: Dr. Topol is here to give you the truth on exactly what the science says about how to reverse the biological age of your organs, add up to a decade of healthy years to your life, and avoid the biggest killers we all fear. You’ll learn: -The #1 free intervention proven to slow aging -The three everyday habits that are aging you faster (and how to fix them) -How to exercise and eat for optimal health and longevity -The truth about supplements, IV drips, and anti-aging clinics -Why loneliness is as dangerous to your health as smoking -How exercise can be more effective than antidepressants -The breakthrough blood tests and tools that could predict — and prevent — diseases decades before they happen This conversation is full of science and hope, because as Dr. Topol says: “It has never been a more exciting time in medicine.” Whether you want to prevent disease, feel better, or just live a longer, healthier life, this episode will give you the real plan for how to do it. If you love someone, send them this episode. It could save their life. For more resources, click here for the podcast episode. If you liked this episode, and you’ll love listening to this one next: Look, Feel, & Stay Young Forever: #1 Orthopedic Surgeon’s Proven Protocol Connect with Mel: Get Mel’s #1 bestselling book, The Let Them Theory Watch the episodes on YouTube Follow Mel on Instagram The Mel Robbins Podcast Instagram Mel's TikTok Sign up for Mel’s personal letter Subscribe to SiriusXM Podcasts+ to listen to new episodes ad-free Disclaimer

In today’s episode, you’ll learn a renowned doctor’s protocol to prevent disease, heal your body, burn fat, and feel better now. You’ll get the exact steps to optimize your health, the 5 foods you should be eating every week, and the 3 foods you’ll never eat again after you listen to this episode. Joining Mel today is Dr. William Li, MD. Dr. Li is a physician and scientist whose groundbreaking work on angiogenesis (the study of blood vessels) has impacted more than seventy diseases, including cancer, diabetes, blindness, heart disease, and obesity, and his foundation has educated 40,000 physicians. He has also spent over 30 years researching the connection between food and health, and his findings that he is sharing with you today are nothing short of revolutionary. Dr. Li will explain how you can rewire your metabolism, improve your overall health, and start feeling better by making simple and powerful changes to your diet. In this episode, you will learn: The top 5 foods proven to burn fat and prevent disease. The 3 things you should never eat or drink. How to activate your body’s natural fat-burning system. The critical connection between your diet, metabolism, and health. The surprising role your body’s blood vessels play in burning fat and healing. How specific dietary changes can starve cancer and prevent chronic disease. Why your metabolism isn’t broken – it’s just waiting for the right fuel. Dr. Li’s research and advice will change the way you think about food and your health. All additional resources, including Dr. Li’s books and studies are linked on the podcast episode page. If you liked this research-packed episode, you’ll love listening to this one next: Change Your Brain: #1 Neuroscientist’s Exercise Protocol for Peak Energy and Focus Connect with Mel: Get Mel’s new book, The Let Them Theory Watch the episodes on YouTube Follow Mel on Instagram The Mel Robbins Podcast Instagram Mel's TikTok Sign up for Mel’s personal letter Subscribe to SiriusXM Podcasts+ on Apple Podcasts to listen to ad-free new episodes Disclaimer

In this episode, Mick Hunt delves into Sandy Kruse's compelling story of overcoming intense personal and family health challenges. Sandy discusses her evolution from feeling victimized by her circumstances to taking control of her health through holistic practices, eventually leading her to help others as a nutritionist and podcaster. Her story is a powerful example of how adversity can lead to profound personal and professional growth.

Sandy Cruz's Background: Overcame numerous personal health crises, including her daughter's cancer and her thyroid cancer, to become a holistic nutritionist and health advocate.

Defining Moments: Sandy's decision to pursue holistic nutrition after her traditional medical treatments failed to restore her health led to a deeper exploration of alternative medicine and nutrition.

Discussion Topics:

• Sandy's transformative health journey, starting with her daughter's diagnosis and her struggles, fueled her passion for holistic health.
• Building a support community through her website helped her cope and assist others facing similar challenges.
• The shift towards holistic approaches to health after conventional treatments fell short, leading to her career in nutrition.

Key Quotes:

• "When you hit rock bottom, the only way is up. That's where real change begins."
• "Ground yourself, get quiet, and let your intuition guide you towards healing and well-being."

Next Steps:

• Learn More: Follow Sandy Kruse's podcast and explore her resources for holistic health.
• Reflect: Think about how you can use your challenges as catalysts for transformation.
• Engage: Share how Sandy's story inspires you to take charge of your health using #MickUnplugged.

Connect & Discover:

• LinkedIn: linkedin.com/in/sandy-kruse-08883753
• Instagram: instagram.com/sandyknutrition
• Facebook: facebook.com/sandyknutrition
• Website: sandyknutrition.ca
• Podcast: sandyknutrition

★ Support this podcast on Patreon ★

See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

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See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

In this episode, my guest is Dr. Gabrielle Lyon, D.O., a board-certified physician who did her clinical and research training at Washington University in geriatrics and nutrition. She is also an expert in how diet and exercise impact muscle and whole-body health and longevity. Dr. Lyon is a bestselling author and public educator. We discuss how healthy skeletal muscle promotes longevity, brain health, disease prevention, ideal body composition, and the health of other organs and bodily systems. She makes specific nutritional recommendations for optimal health: what to eat, how much to eat, the timing of meals, the essential need for adequate quality protein (including animal and plant-based options), supplementation, and how our dietary requirements change with age. She explains why specific types of resistance training are essential to build and maintain muscle and overall metabolic health. She also describes how to include resistance training as part of your exercise regimen — regardless of age or sex.  She also provides specific mindset tools to encourage sustained adherence to healthy eating and exercise practices. Women and men of all ages will benefit from Dr. Lyon’s practical, evidence-based protocols to improve muscle and whole-body appearance, function, and health. Access the full show notes, including referenced articles, books, people mentioned, and additional resources at hubermanlab.com. Andrew's New Book Protocols: An Operating Manual for the Human Body: https://protocolsbook.com Thank you to our sponsors AG1: https://drinkag1.com/huberman Maui Nui Venison: https://mauinuivenison.com/huberman  Levels: https://levels.link/huberman  Helix Sleep: https://helixsleep.com/huberman InsideTracker: https://insidetracker.com/huberman  Timestamps 00:00:00 Protocols Book; Dr. Gabrielle Lyon 00:03:23 Sponsors: Maui Nui, Levels & Helix Sleep 00:07:40 Skeletal Muscle & Longevity 00:11:25 “Under-muscled”, Leucine & Muscle Health 00:15:55 Muscle Health 00:19:45 Tool: Carbohydrate Consumption & Activity, Glycogen 00:25:14 Tools: Nutrition for Healthy Skeletal Muscle, First Meal 00:31:57 Sponsor: AG1 00:33:46 Quality Protein, Animal & Plant-Based Proteins 00:37:36 Dietary Protein Recommendations, Meal Threshold 00:41:19 Muscle Health & Aging 00:46:02 Supplements & Creatine; Dietary Protein 00:50:07 Tool: Dietary Protein Recommendation; Gout & Cancer Risk 00:52:43 Effects of Dietary Protein & Exercise on Body Composition 01:03:06 Thermic Effects, Protein  01:05:02 Sponsor: InsideTracker 01:06:14 Protein & Satiety, Insulin & Glucose 01:12:04 Tool: Older Adults, Resistance Training & Dietary Protein 01:17:48 Dietary Protein, mTOR & Cancer Risk 01:21:36 Muscle Span & Aging, Sedentary Behaviors 01:24:00 Mixed Meals, Protein Quality, Fiber 01:29:21 Inactivity & Insulin Resistance, Inflammation 01:38:43 Exercise & Myokines, Brain Health & BDNF 01:44:11 Tool: Resistance Training Protocols, Hypertrophy, “High Ground” 01:52:51 High Ground Exercises; Tendon Strength; Training Duration, Blue Zones 01:58:19 Movement, Exercise & Older Adults 02:04:25 Tool: Protein Timing & Resistance Training; VO2 Max, Aging, Blood Work 02:11:13 Supplements: Creatine, Urolithin A, Whey Protein, Fish Oil, Collagen 02:20:18 Fasting, Older Adults; Tool: Meal Timing 02:25:18 Animal Proteins & Dairy; Organ Meats, Vegan; Magnesium, Zinc 02:30:59 Medications & Muscle Health 02:32:49 Obesity & GLP-1 Analogs, Ozempic, Mounjaro, Skeletal Muscle 02:40:48 Benefits of Skeletal Muscle & Aging 02:42:16 Tools: Nutrition & Resistance Training for Muscle Health 02:45:44 Mindset Tools: Standards vs. Goals; Vulnerability Points 02:52:00 Mindset Tools: Neutrality; Health & Worth 03:01:14 Zero-Cost Support, Spotify & Apple Follow & Reviews, YouTube Feedback, Social Media, Neural Network Newsletter, Protocols Book Disclaimer Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In this enlightening conversation, Mick Hunt delves into Andrew Spruill's journey from military service to becoming a trailblazer in sports performance training. Andrew shares his unique perspective on training, emphasizing the critical aspects of consistency, nutritional focus, and mental well-being. His approach enhances athletic performance and fosters personal growth and resilience in athletes, setting a new standard in the field. Andrew Spruill's Background: He transitioned from Air Force discipline to becoming a pivotal figure in athletic training, shaping the future of numerous athletes across various sports. Defining Moments: Andrew's approach to training underscores the importance of dedication, adaptability, and a holistic view of athlete development. Discussion Topics: The influence of military discipline on Andrew's training philosophy. Key insights into developing athletic prowess, emphasizing the importance of consistency, nutrition, and mental health. Innovative training methodologies, including velocity-based training and specific speed work tailored to individual sports. Key Quotes: "Being reliable and willing to learn can set you apart in any field." "Specialization in sports is a double-edged sword; developing a broad athletic foundation is essential." Next Steps: Connect: Follow Andrew Spruill on social media and explore his website for cutting-edge training insights. Reflect: Consider how discipline, consistency, and mental focus can elevate your performance in any area of life. Engage: Share your thoughts on the episode using #MickUnplugged and discuss how you can apply Andrew's principles to your athletic or personal development journey. ★ Support this podcast on Patreon ★ See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Do you want to reset your health? Are you ready for more energy and better overall health? Do you want to start seeing results in 5 days (or less)? In today’s episode, Mel is joined by double-board certified Dr. Amy Shah for Part 2 of her masterclass on how to optimize your gut health. Dr. Amy, a medical doctor trained at Harvard, Cornell, and Columbia University, is an immunologist and leading expert in women’s hormonal health and nutrition. She’s giving you her proven 5-step method to heal inflammation, reset your natural hormone balance, and heal food sensitivities. Learn how to use the power of your gut microbes to help digestion, gain mental clarity, and decrease your stress levels. In this episode, Dr. Amy discusses topics like: What a gut microbiome is. Why science says your gut microbiome is the key to better mental and physical health. The scientific link between gut health and depression, cancer, and heart diseases. What the brain-gut connection is and why it’s essential to your health. What to do after your overindulgence in holiday food and drinks. The reason you can’t properly digest food. What makes your gut bacteria “upset” and what keeps them "happy"? How healthy aging is directly connected to your gut biome. Why stress can make you bloated. The reason 1 in 7 people experience bloating once a week. How gut health impacts a woman's hormone health. The difference between fiber and insoluble fiber. Which natural fiber do you need in your diet for improved digestion? The only type of bread that heals your gut. What intermittent fasting is and why it improves gut health. The one thing you should know about your circadian rhythm. Dr. Shah's 5-day reset protocol and why you need it to reset your gut health. 3 things you should do every day for optimal gut health. What the best probiotic for your body is. The foods your gut bacteria love to digest. Why bonding with someone is a love language for your gut health. What an elimination diet is and why you need to do it. 3 foods you should consider removing from your diet for 7 days. How many days it really takes to reset your gut. Why crazy diets are not working to “reset” your gut. Why your daily probiotic pill isn’t really working. You can purchase Dr. Shah’s book, ‘I'm So Effing Hungry: Why We Crave What We Crave – and What to Do About It’, here: https://a.co/d/7mTXT2F Follow Dr. Shah: Instagram: instagram.com/fastingmd Webpage: amymdwellness.com Watch the episodes on YouTube: https://bit.ly/45OWCNr Check out my book, The High 5 Habit: https://a.co/d/g1DQ8Pt Follow me: Instagram: https://bit.ly/3QfG8bb The Mel Robbins Podcast Instagram: https://bit.ly/49bg4GP LinkedIn: https://bit.ly/46Mh0QB TikTok: https://bit.ly/46Kpw2v Sign up for my newsletter: https://bit.ly/46PVnPs Want more resources? Go to my podcast page at melrobbins.com/podcast. Disclaimer

In this episode, renowned holistic health expert and intermittent fasting devotee Dr. Mindy Pelz is here to explain the 101 of fasting for better health. You’ll learn the empowering science behind why it works and how it can help you achieve so many health goals. Dr. Mindy is fascinated by our body’s ability to "heal itself" and how fasting protocols can activate some remarkable results based on extensive research studies. If you’re tired of diets that leave you feeling like sh*t, health improvements that cost money, or just hate feeling out of control of your body, this is the one zero-cost tool that could have a significant impact on your health. Dr. Mindy is on a mission to help people understand and harness their healing abilities through fasting. And today, she’s told all the Olympic athletes, Academy Award-winning actors, and Silicon Valley CEOs that she works with to step aside because she’s got an appointment with someone more important: you. This episode is a guide to 6 recommended and researched fasting protocols. You’ll learn about each one and how they unleash your body’s natural ability to heal itself, reset the gut, and even get rid of damaged cells in the body. Dr. Mindy breaks it all down with significant research, stories, and shocking statistics. She’ll teach you: What fasting even is and why it’s different from a "diet". The 6 different fasting protocols and their researched-backed benefits. The 3 easiest ways to start fasting at any point. What the two energy systems in your body are and how fasting helps you tap into both. What is biologically happening when you follow a fasting protocol? What Keto really stands for and why the term "Keto-friendly" can’t be trusted. The 9 cellular healing benefits of fasting and how it can help cure disease. The fasting protocol that will help you lose belly fat (for good). I can’t wait for you to learn from Dr. Mindy about this free tool that may just be what you’ve been looking for. Get ready to feel empowered. Xo, Mel IMPORTANT: This podcast discusses fasting, and its advice may not be suitable for anyone with an eating disorder. If you have an existing health condition, are pregnant or nursing, or are taking medication, always consult your healthcare practitioner before going for prolonged periods without eating. In this episode, you’ll learn: 4:40: According to the research, what does fasting do? 5:30: Here’s why fasting is such a passion for Dr. Mindy Pelz. 7:20: So how does fasting work exactly? 10:00: Our bodies have two energy systems, but we only use one. 12:15: What is autophagy and why should I care? 14:00: When your body isn’t making ketones, you’re missing a key component of health. 17:30: The surprising places most of the fasting research comes from. 20:40: Science recommends intermittent fasting as a first line of treatment. 21:45: This is why fasting is NOT a dieting trend. 25:00: Here’s how fasting melts calories, no matter what you eat. 28:20: Got cravings? This is where they come from and how you can control them. 31:00: Ignore “keto-friendly” marketing; eat this food instead. 33:00: Fasting is not for pregnant and nursing women, or people with eating disorders. 35:10: What about my coffee? 37:15: Describing the 6 different types of fasting.  39:50: I want to make this idea of fasting easy for you. 45:40: When your body makes a ketone, it also makes the calming GABA hormone. 48:00: Let’s unpack autophagy and who exactly that is for. 54:40: How do intestinal stem cells make a difference to your health? 55:35: Is it even safe to fast for 36 hours, and why on earth do I want to do that? 58:30: Feeling anxious? Give this type of intermittent fasting a try. 60:30: Research found that fasting chemo patients had healthier white blood cells. Want more resources? Go to my podcast page at melrobbins.com/podcast. Disclaimer

Why do you always crave dessert after dinner? Or a snack mid-afternoon? Today we’re digging into the science of cravings: -Why you have them -How to tell the difference between a craving and actual hunger -How to eat your way to better health and a happier life. Dr. Amy Shah is a double-board certified medical doctor with training from Cornell, Harvard, and Columbia Universities and an expert on intermittent fasting, hormones, and food cravings. And today, I got you and me an appointment with her for free! Let’s friggin’ goooo! If you want to understand your body and how to make your metabolism work for you, Dr. Amy has the research and the tools to help you kick your cravings to the curb once and for all. In today’s episode, you will learn: *when to drink coffee in the morning so you stay energized all day *how cravings relate to dopamine and how to curb them so they never come back *why your sugar cravings are so strong and how to stop them *the truth about probiotics and which ones your body needs right now *what ghrelin and leptin are and why they are the secrets to a healthy metabolism *the shocking research that compares antidepressants to food and exercise *how to stop overeating Our bodies are complicated, but your health doesn’t have to be. Let Dr. Amy empower you to live a more vibrant, fulfilled, and energized life. In this episode, you’ll learn: 2:45: So what’s the difference between hunger and cravings? 6:00: Many of our poor food choices are not our fault. 19:30: So how do we fix our eating habits if we’re not always in control? 20:30: Food and exercise are more effective than drugs for anxiety and depression?! 23:20: So what are some of the foods that will boost natural hormones? 28:30: Drinking enough water during the day makes you eat less. 37:30: Here’s what food companies know about dopamine. 41:40: Do this when you want to stop overeating. 44:45: Why does dopamine work better when you reward yourself at random times? 46:30: What are psychobiotics and how do they stop cravings? 50:20: Here’s how your gut and your brain talk to each other and what that means. 51:30: What exactly is the relationship between food and bacteria? 55:15: So where do we start with supplements? 57:30: The #1 probiotic that you should be adding to your days. 59:30: How the hell do you get rid of your sugar cravings? 1:03:30: Do you get enough sleep? Here’s why that matters. 1:06:00 Why you should wait 45 minutes before you drink your coffee. 1:08:10: This is what Dr. Amy thinks about intermittent fasting and how she does it. 1:10:00: Eat a high-dopamine breakfast to start your day on the right track. Disclaimer

In this episode, you’re about to learn how to make your new habits stick. If you’ve struggled to be consistent with behavior change, you’re not alone. It’s easy to talk about habits. It’s a whole different thing to apply the science to your life. You are not the problem. The problem, when it comes to habits, is the lack of systems and hacks that help you stay consistent. There are 5 very specific, simple systems backed by science that you have to have in place if you want to make your new habits stick for good. It doesn’t matter if you’ve already bailed on your New Year’s resolutions or if the only habit you think you’re successful at is failing at habits. I’ve got you. If your treadmill just became the most expensive laundry hanger you’ve ever purchased, then this episode is for you. I’ll say it again: It’s not you; it’s your lack of systems. Stop relying on willpower to get you through. That’s not what you need. The research says you need systems. Today, I’ll teach you 5 essential ones. Let’s go, because your behavior toolkit masterclass series continues. Xo Mel For full show notes, including all research mentioned in the episode, go to melrobbins.com/podcast. For a free workbook that dives deeper into the topic of habits and helps you apply what you learn, click here. This episode works together with the episode “The Ultimate Toolkit for Creating New Habits.” After you finish this one, check out that episode here. This episode, you’ll learn: 1:36: Why it’s important to understand how to make habits stick 4:50: The 75-day challenge I’ve taken on this year 9:30: The honest conversation you need to have with yourself before any change 13:35: What to do if you don’t even know where to start with habits 15:55: The five systems that will help you finally stick to your habits 24:00: A simple hack from Harvard Business School to help you make better decisions 28:25: The simple trick that helped people be twice as successful at quitting smoking 32:40: The M&M experiment that proves decision fatigue is a real thing 38:24: Why tracking your progress is non-negotiable 49:30: The plan that will save your promises to yourself 51:35: The “keys to the kingdom” – establish this habit and others will follow more easily Disclaimer

I describe mechanisms by which deliberate cold exposure can enhance mental health, physical health, and performance. I detail specific protocols to safely engage in deliberate cold exposure, including minimal exposure times, time-of-day effects, determining optimal temperatures, recovery, mindset, and movement during cold exposure. I discuss how cold exposure can be used to safely stress the body to improve attention, mood, and cognitive focus and boost metabolism and reduce inflammation. Also, I explain how cold exposure on specific regions of the body (called glabrous skin surfaces) can be leveraged to enhance endurance and weight training and increase work output. For the full show notes, visit hubermanlab.com. Thank you to our sponsors AG1: https://athleticgreens.com/huberman LMNT: https://drinklmnt.com/hubermanlab Waking Up: https://wakingup.com/huberman Momentous: https://livemomentous.com/huberman Timestamps (00:00:00) Deliberate Cold Exposure, Health Warning (00:04:23) Tool: Moderate Exercise & Cognitive Work (00:11:04) Sponsors: AG1, LMNT (00:15:37) Circadian Rhythm & Body Temperature (00:18:41) Tool: Quickly Decrease Core Body Temperature, Glabrous Skin (00:25:26) Mental Effects of Cold Exposure (00:29:02) Physical Effects of Cold Exposure (00:30:11) How Cold Should the Temperature Be? (00:34:53) Cold Showers vs. Cold Water Immersion (00:38:27) Protocols for Cold Exposure (00:50:57) Optimal Mindset(s) During Cold Exposure (00:55:26) Tool: Using Movement During Cold Exposure (00:57:51) Optimal Frequency of Cold Exposure (01:00:22) Cold Exposure for Dopamine, Mood & Focus (01:12:55) Cold Exposure & Metabolism, Brown Fat (01:25:55) Tool: Caffeine, Dopamine & Cold Exposure (01:29:14) Tools: Increasing Metabolism w/Cold – The Søberg Principle, Shivering (01:34:15) Norepinephrine & Fat Cells (01:36:22) Cold, Physical Performance, Inflammation (01:47:36) Hyperthermia & Glabrous Skin Cooling (01:53:27) Tool: Palmar Cooling & Endurance (02:03:18) Cold Exposure to Groin, Increasing Testosterone (02:07:50) Tool: Optimal Timing for Daily Cold Exposure (02:11:16) Neural Network Newsletter, Zero-Cost Support, YouTube Feedback, Spotify Reviews, Apple Reviews, Sponsors, Supplements, Instagram, Twitter Disclaimer Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

This episode I discuss the science and practice of fasting also called time-restricted feeding. I review the data on how limiting food intake to specific portions of every 24-hour cycle (or fasting longer) impacts weight loss, fat loss specifically, liver health, mental focus, muscle, longevity and more. I explain how "fasted" is contextual, and relates to blood glucose levels and their downstream effects, and how the depth of fasting can be adjusted with behaviors such as different types of exercise, or with glucose disposal agents. I also discuss the optimal fasting protocol: and both the absolute (non-negotiable) and variable (contextual) features of a fasting/time-restricted-feeding protocol that will allow you to get the most benefits. I also discuss what does and does not break a fast, the effects of fasting on hormones like testosterone and cortisol and on fertility. I also review how different feeding windows of 8 or 10 or 4 hours differentially impact the effects of fasting, and why the classic 8 hour feeding window came to be but also might be ideal. I discuss mechanisms and offer tools to discern the optimal fasting duration and timing for you.  Read the full show notes for this episode at hubermanlab.com. Thank you to our sponsors AG1: https://athleticgreens.com/huberman LMNT: https://drinklmnt.com/hubermanlab Waking Up: https://wakingup.com/huberman Momentous: https://livemomentous.com/huberman Timestamps 00:00:00 Introduction, Blood Glucose & Mortality, Mice Vs. Humans   00:06:18 Sponsors: AG1, LMNT & Waking Up 00:09:42 Neuroplasticity Protocols & Online Lecture   00:11:20 Feeding, Fasting, Performance   00:13:50 Calories-In, Calories-Out (CICO); Perfect Diets   00:19:48 Feeding-Induced Health Conditions   00:25:33 Time Restricted Eating: When We Eat Is Vital   00:29:45 The Eight Hour Feeding Window   00:31:26 Feeding Deep Into the Night Is Bad (In Humans)   00:36:33 Liver Health   00:39:45 Time Restricted Feeding Protocol: Rules   00:41:35 When to Start & Stop Eating   00:45:38 Gastric Clearance, Linking Fasting to Sleep   00:52:35 Effects of Specific Categories of Food   00:55:40 Precision In Fasting: Protocol Build   00:59:30 4-6 Hour Feeding Windows   01:03:08 Protein Consumption & Timing for Muscle   01:08:13 How to Shift Your Eating Window   01:13:20 Glucose Clearing, Exercise & Compounds   01:22:37 Blood Glucose: Monitoring, mTOR & Related Pathways   01:27:40 Gut Health: Fasting, Clock Genes and Microbiota   01:29:15 Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver   01:32:00 Effects of Fasting on Hormones: Testosterone, Cortisol   01:38:40 Fertility   01:41:50 8-Hour Feeding Window: Weight Loss Without Calorie Counting   01:43:20 Eating Every-Other-Day   01:45:29 Adherence   01:47:15 Mental Focus & Clarity   01:49:12 Enhancing Weight Loss from Body Fat: Hepatic Lipase   01:53:15 What Breaks a Fast? Rules & Context   01:58:50 Artificial Sweeteners, Plant-Based Sweeteners   02:01:42 Glucose Clearing II, Cinnamon, Acidity, Salt   02:06:42 My Circadian Clock, Zero-App   02:08:20 Odd (But Common) Questions   02:09:23 Effects of Sauna & Dehydration on Blood Glucose   02:11:12 The Ideal Fasting Protocol   02:24:00 More Resources, Ways to Support Us, Supplements   Disclaimer & Disclosures Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

This episode I describe the science of fat loss, including how fat is mobilized and oxidized (burned) and how to increase fat burning by leveraging the nervous system. Most people don't realize it, but our neurons connect to our fat and release epinephrine/adrenaline to facilitate fat oxidation. Read the full show notes for this episode at hubermanlab.com. Thank you to our sponsors AG1 (Athletic Greens): https://athleticgreens.com/huberman LMNT: https://drinklmnt.com/hubermanlab Waking Up: https://www.wakingup.com/huberman Timestamps 00:00:00 Introduction   00:00:31 Sponsors: AG1, LMNT & Waking Up   00:06:00 Fat Loss: The Key Role of Neurons   00:08:44 The First Law of Fat Loss   00:11:00 Neurons Connect To Fat! (& That Really Matters)   00:13:38 5 Pillars of Metabolism: Sleep, Essential Fatty Acids, Glutamine, Microbiome, Thyroid   00:19:20 Mindset Truly Matters: Amazing Examples of Beliefs on Fat Loss   00:23:08 Our Brain Talks To Our Fat   00:25:00 The Most Incredible & Dangerous Fat Loss Agent   00:27:28 Losing Fat Is a Two-Part Process: Mobilization and Oxidation   00:32:25 The Critical Role of Adrenaline/Epinephrine, But NOT from Adrenal Glands   00:34:45 Fidgeting & Shivering: A Powerful Science-Supported Method For Fat Loss   00:41:24 How Fidgeting Works: Promotes Epinephrine Release into Fat. “N-E-A-T”   00:44:55 Two Ways of Using Shivering To Accelerate Fat Loss   00:47:30 White, Brown & Beige Fat; & Using Cold-Induced Shiver To Burn Fat   00:50:25 How To Use Cold Properly To Stimulate Fat Loss: Succinate Release Is Key/Shiver   00:52:26 Exact Protocols: (1-5X per week); Don’t Adapt! Submerge and Exit “Sets & Reps”   00:56:15 thecoldplunge.com see “protocols” tab Cold-Shiver-Fat-Loss Tool (cost free)   00:58:03 If Fat-Loss Is Your Goal, Avoid Cold Adaptation: Remember Polar Bear Swimmers   00:58:17 Irisin: Underwhelming; Succinate Is The Real Deal   01:00:00 Brown Fat, Why Babies Can’t Shiver and Becoming a Hotter Furnace, Adding Heat   01:01:55 Ice On Back of The Neck, Cold Underpants: Not A Great Idea For Fat Loss   01:04:00 A Key Paper For the Aficionados: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2826518/   01:05:00 Spot Reduction: There May Be Hope After All. Targeting Specific Fat Pads.   01:09:20 Exercising For Fat Loss: What Is Best? High Intensity, Sprinting, Moderate Intensity?   01:13:30 Exercising Fasted: Does It Truly Accelerate Fat Loss/Oxidation.   01:16:30 The 90 Minute Rule: After 90 Minutes, The Fasted Exercisers Start To Burn More Fat   01:18:15 If High-Intensity Training Is Done First, The Benefits of Fasting Arrive Before 90min.   01:22:44 Post-Exercise Metabolic Increases: How To Bias This Toward Fat Oxidation   01:26:05 A Protocol For Exercise-Induced Fat Loss; Adrenalin Is The Effector   01:28:50 Supplements/Compounds For Fat Loss Part: Caffeine Fidgeting, & Caffeine Adaptation   01:34:30 Ephedrine, Fenfluramine: Removed From Market Due to Safety Concerns   01:35:22 GLP1 (Glucagon-Like Peptide 1), Yerba Mate, Guayusa Tea, Semaglutide   01:40:30 Berberine, Metformin: Glucose/Insulin Reduction, Increase Fat Oxidation: But Caution   01:41:28 Gardner Lab Results: What You Eat May Not Matter, But Adherence Is Key Tool   01:43:00 examine.com & Enter “Yerba Mate”: Lowers Heart Rate Even Though Is a Stimulant   01:44:35 Acetyl-L-Carnitine: Facilitates Fat Oxidation   01:48:00 Summary List of Tools & How Nervous System Controls Fat Loss   01:51:20 Cost Free & Other Ways To Support Our Podcast, Making Sure We See Feedback   Disclaimer Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices