--:-- Ezra Klein: We'll be right back. Back in September, when I was reporting out my piece on whether Democrats should shut down the government, on why they should shut down the government, I kept hearing the same warning from veterans of past shutdown fights.
--:-- Ezra Klein: The president controls the bully pulpit. He controls, to some degree at least, which parts of the government stay open and which parts close down. It is very, very, very hard for the opposition party to win a shutdown.
--:-- Ezra Klein: Which makes it somewhat remarkable that Democrats, Democrats were winning this one. Polls showed most voters blamed Republicans, not Democrats, for the shutdown. Maybe because instead of negotiating with the Democrats like other presidents would have, President Trump was bulldozing the East Wing of the White House to build a ballroom and throwing Great Gatsby parties at Mar-a-Lago while he canceled food assistance for hungry families.
--:-- Ezra Klein: Trump's approval rating has been falling, his polling going down. In CNN's tracking poll, he dipped into the 30s for the first time since he took office again in this term. And last week, Democrats absolutely wrecked Republicans in the elections.
--:-- Ezra Klein: And you could really argue whether or not the shutdown was part of that, but you know who thought it was part of it? Donald J. Trump. And so Democrats, as of a few days ago, were riding higher than they have been in months. They were winning.
--:-- Ezra Klein: And then over the weekend, a group of Senate Democrats broke ranks and negotiated a deal to end the shutdown in return for, if we're being honest, very, very little.
--:-- Ezra Klein: The guts of the shutdown deal are this. Food assistance, both SNAP and WIC, the Women, Infants, and Children program, they get a bit more funding. Then if you look at other parts of the appropriations process, there are some other modest concessions on spending levels elsewhere in the government.
--:-- Ezra Klein: You have a deal for laid off federal workers to be rehired for furloughed federal workers to be given back pay But the deal does nothing at all nothing to extend the expiring Affordable Care Act tax credits over which Democrats ostensibly shut the government down in the first place
--:-- Ezra Klein: All it offers is a promise from Senate Republicans to hold a vote on the tax credits in the future And most of the government here is funded only until the end of January. So get ready, we could be doing this again in a few months.
--:-- Ezra Klein: I think to understand what happened here, you need to understand the strange role The Affordable Care Act subsidies always played in the shutdown. Democrats said the shutdown was about the subsidies, but for most of them, it really wasn't.
--:-- Ezra Klein: It was about Trump's authoritarianism. It was about showing their base, showing themselves that they could fight back. It was about treating an abnormal political moment abnormally.
--:-- Ezra Klein: Imagine an alternative world where we have President Nikki Haley, and she does none of the authoritarianism, none of the corruption, but as the same healthcare policy as Donald Trump.
--:-- Ezra Klein: Are Democrats shutting the government down in that world? I don't think they are. But in this world, there were a number of Senate Democrats, even with everything Donald Trump has done, who didn't want the shutdown.
--:-- Ezra Klein: Whatever they thought of Trump, they didn't think a shutdown was going to stop him. Instead, it was going to hurt people they cared about. It was going to degrade services they fought to protect or even to create.
--:-- Ezra Klein: And then there was another group of Senate Democrats who doubted that their voters cared that much about masked ICE agents and Trump's corruption.
--:-- Ezra Klein: Democrats, they argued, already had the votes of anyone worried about masked ICE agents. What Democrats needed were the votes of people worried about the cost of living.
--:-- Ezra Klein: The ACA subsidies emerged as the shutdown demand because it's the only one that could keep the caucus united. It put Democrats on the right side of public opinion, even self-identified MAGA voters wanted the subsidies extended, and it held this quivering Senate coalition together.
--:-- Ezra Klein: But it meant the shutdown is built on a cracked foundation. There were Senate Democrats who didn't want to shut down in the first place, and then there were Senate Democrats who did want to shut down, but they were never really committed to this one exactly.
--:-- Ezra Klein: They thought it strange to make their demand so narrow. Was winning on healthcare premiums really winning the right fight? Should Democrats really vote to fund a government turning towards authoritarianism so long as the AC subsidies are preserved?
--:-- Ezra Klein: And then there was this odd wrinkle What if winning on the healthcare fight was actually a political gift to Donald Trump
--:-- Ezra Klein: Absent a fix the average health insurance premiums for 20 million Americans will more than double next year This premium shock will hit red states particularly hard.
--:-- Ezra Klein: Tony Fabrizio, Trump's longtime pollster, had released a survey a few months back of competitive House districts showing that letting the tax credits expire might be lethal to Republican efforts to hold the House.
--:-- Ezra Klein: And so in the background, there was this question, why were Democrats fighting so hard to neutralize what might be their best issue in 2026?
--:-- Ezra Klein: It meant the political logic of the shutdown fight was weirdly inverted. If Democrats won, if they got the tax credits extended, they'd be solving a huge political problem for Republicans.
--:-- Ezra Klein: They'd be doing something good, but possibly at the cost of being able to do more good things in the future. If Republicans successfully allowed the tax credits to expire, they'd be handing Democrats a cudgel with which to beat them in the elections.
--:-- Ezra Klein: This is why Chuck Schumer's compromise, which offered to reopen the government if Republicans extended the tax credits for a year, struck many Democrats as misguided.
--:-- Ezra Klein: Morally, it might be worth sacrificing an electoral edge to lower health insurance premiums. Sometimes you solve problems at a political cost.
--:-- Ezra Klein: But a one-year extension simply solved the Republicans' political problem without solving the policy problem in the long term. Why on earth would you do that?
--:-- Ezra Klein: In any case, Republicans were not interested in Schumer's offer. Trump himself has shown no interest in a deal.
--:-- Ezra Klein: Rather than negotiating over health care spending, he's been ratcheting up the pain the shutdown is causing. Hundreds of thousands of federal workers furloughed or fired.
--:-- Ezra Klein: The administration has been withholding food assistance from Americans who desperately need it. Airports are tipping into chaos as air traffic controllers go without pay.
--:-- Ezra Klein: More than anything else, this pain spreading throughout the country is what led some Senate Democrats to cut a deal.
--:-- Ezra Klein: Trump's willingness to hurt people exceeds their willingness to see people get hurt. I want to give them their due on this. This is a moral position.
--:-- Ezra Klein: It's easy to talk about the politics of a shutdown, but if you are a senator, you are hearing from your constituents, you are seeing how many people are in pain, you are seeing what might break in the future, it's tough.
--:-- Ezra Klein: And some of them feared that as the pressure mounted, their Republican colleagues would do what Trump was already demanding they do and just abolish the filibuster
--:-- Ezra Klein: They would just change the rules. Now whether abolishing the filibuster is a good or bad thing that is a subject for another column.
--:-- Ezra Klein: But these Senate Democrats, they don't think it's a good thing. And so this, in the end, is the calculation they were making.
--:-- Ezra Klein: They didn't think a longer shutdown would cause Trump to cave. They just thought it would cause more damage. More damage to the country, maybe more damage to the Senate.
--:-- Ezra Klein: Of the dozen or so House and Senate Democrats I spoke to over the weekend, most thought they could have gotten a better deal if they'd held on longer.
--:-- Ezra Klein: But none of them thought they would have gotten that much better of a deal. Trump himself wasn't budging, and congressional Democrats are too frightened to negotiate around him.
--:-- Ezra Klein: So if you're just asking about this as a policy negotiation, The margin could have changed, but I don't think a huge victory was on the horizon.
--:-- Ezra Klein: That said, if I were in the Senate, I would not vote for this compromise. I don't think shutdowns, certainly not this shutdown, was just a policy debate.
--:-- Ezra Klein: Shutdowns are an opportunity to make your arguments, and the country was just starting to pay attention to what the Democrats were saying.
--:-- Ezra Klein: If Trump wanted to cancel flights over Thanksgiving because he was so opposed to keeping health care costs down, I don't see why Democrats needed to save him from making his priorities so exquisitely clear to the American people.
--:-- Ezra Klein: And I worry, I worry the Democrats have just taught Trump that they will fold under even mild pressure. That's the kind of lesson Trump remembers.
--:-- Ezra Klein: The Democrats saying they can come and do another shutdown after ending this one for so little, I am skeptical.
--:-- Ezra Klein: At the same time, to keep this in perspective, the shutdown was a skirmish. It was not the real battle.
--:-- Ezra Klein: Both sides were fighting for position. And Democrats, if you look at the polls, they ended up in a better one than they were when they started.
--:-- Ezra Klein: They elevated their best issue, health care. They made clear who was on which side of it. And they set the stage for voters to connect higher premiums with Republican rule.
--:-- Ezra Klein: It's not a win, not a total victory. I wouldn't tell you otherwise. But given how badly shutdowns often go for the opposition party, it's better than a loss.
--:-- Ezra Klein: Thanks for listening to this episode of The Ezra Klein Show. If you want to support the show, you can subscribe to The New York Times at nytimes.com/podcasts.
--:-- Ezra Klein: If you want to get in touch with me, you can email
[email protected].
